Map showing the literacy rate of each district in India. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
Do we know that in terms of Women Literacy BIHAR ranks at Bottom with 53% as per Statistical Year Book 2012. Find other fact about Indian Literacy rates(85% Male & 65% for Female)…
Find further details in link below
Literacy Rate in India
Alexander and Hephaistion (Photo credit: █ Slices of Light █▀ ▀ ▀)
By about 380 BC the Persian hold on Indian regions slackened and many small local kingdoms arose. In 327 BC Alexander the Great overran the Persian Empire and located small political entities within these territories. The next year, Alexander fought a difficult battle against the Indian monarch Porus near the modern Jhelum River. East of Porus’ kingdom, near the Ganges River, was the powerful kingdom of Magadha, under the Nanda Dynasty.
Plutarch (AD 46 – 120) was a Greek historian, biographer and essayist, known primarily for his Parallel Livesand Moralia. He gives an interesting description of the situation:
As for the Macedonians, however, their struggle with Porus blunted their courage and stayed their further advance into India. For having had all they could do to repulse an enemy who mustered only twenty thousand infantry and two thousand horse, they violently opposed Alexander when he insisted on crossing the river Ganges also, the width of which, as they learned, was thirty-two furlongs, its depth a hundred fathoms, while its banks on the further side were covered with multitudes of men-at arms and horsemen and elephants.
Exhausted and frightened by the prospect of facing another giant Indian army at the Ganges River, his army mutinied at the Hyphasis (modern Beas River), refusing to march further East. Alexander left behind Greek forces which established themselves in the City of Taxila, now in Pakistan.
After the death of Alexander in 323 BC, Seleucus was nominated as the satrap of Babylon in 320 BC.Antigonus forced Seleucus to flee from Babylon, but, supported by Ptolemy, he was able to return in 312 BC. Seleucus’ later conquests include Persia and Media. He invaded what is now Punjab in northern India and Pakistan in 305 BC.
Further reading as published by Sanujit
published on 12 February 2011, 12:51
Can be downloaded here: Indo-greek connection
Lipotes vexillifer (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
After Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary is located in Bhagalpur District of Bihar, India. Bihar is planning to have its first Dolphin Research centre, which will be another first in Asia.
The Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary is a 50 km stretch of the Ganges River from Sultanganj to Kahalgaon. Designated in 1991, it is the only protected area for the endangered Gangetic dolphins in Asia. Once found in abundance, only a few hundred remain, of which half are found here.
With only about 2,000 Gangetic river dolphins left in India, down from tens of thousands just a few decades ago, the Bihar government is planning to set up Asia’s first research centre to strengthen conservation efforts to save the endangered mammal.
An official in the chief minister’s office said the Gangetic dolphin research centre would be set up in Patna, where dozens of dolphins can still be seen in the stretch of the river near the state capital.
The man behind the proposal is RK Sinha, an expert on Gangetic river dolphins and chairperson of the working group for dolphin conservation set up by the central government. He said the centre was suggested by the Planning Commission and subsequently received “in principle” approval by the state government.
“A final decision in this regard is likely soon,” said Sinha, popularly known as the dolphin man.
Gopal Sharma, a scientist with the Zoological Survey of India here, said the centre would carry out research activities on the dolphin and also conduct a census in rivers in Bihar.
The Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary, India’s only dolphin sanctuary, spread over 50 km along the Ganges, is located in Bihar’s Bhagalpur district.
The Gangetic river dolphin is India’s national aquatic animal but frequently falls prey to poachers. Their carcasses are found regularly on river banks.
The mammals are killed at an alarming rate with wildlife officials saying poachers kill them for their flesh and oil, which is used as an ointment and aphrodisiac.
Gangetic river dolphins fall under Schedule I of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act and have been declared an endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
Last year, the Bihar government decided to set up a task force for the conservation of endangered species.
The Gangetic river dolphin is one of the four freshwater dolphin species in the world. The other three are found in the Yangtze river in China, the Indus river in Pakistan and the Amazon river in South America.
The Gangetic river species – found in India, Bangladesh and Nepal – is blind and finds its way and prey in the river waters through ‘echoes’.
reference: TOI online
Image via Wikipedia
Dear Aspirant,
I know most of us are fed-up with goof up with this BPSC 2011-2012(whatever!) main exam date.
According to sources at BPSC given us some scoops on why this delay and when you can see some PR (press release).
Anoyn: “Why this delay source”:
Oh let me not tell you political scene and the turmoil happening all across the India. Anyon, look real cause was related to budget submission from BPS commission to government, so that Mr Modi can finish his agenda to state and preparing ourselves for a full-proof exam conducting modality(procedures) at least for mains.” said the Source
“we were waiting on brainstorming session and how to go about, we do not want to repeat history our neighbourly states.” said the really red-faced source
Anoyn: “So when you think dates will be announced”:
Source surges his shoulders and indicated with his figure:
“May be 2-4 weeks, after budget session mostly”
So guys brace you seat belt and lace your shoes, Mains exam dates are just next corner.
Thank you all for valuable comment and encouragement, nevertheless best of luck and hope you preparation must be rocking….
Vivek
Finally BPSC decided to release results for additional qualified aspirants.
Revised Additional Results of 53rd to 55th Common Combined (Pre) Competitive Examination, 2011 in compliance of Patna High Court‘s order passed on 4th January, 2012. Read the rest of this entry »
I do not understand, was it a curse on BPSC and JPSC aspirants who appeared for 2011 public service commission exams in these states. It’s really ruthless and unfair story to tell. Let me start exploring Havoc at JPSC 2011 PT ( 4th) exam first:
What is the age for voting in India? Ask this question to anyone and pat comes the reply 18 years. But this may be a wrong answer, if Jharkhand Public Service Commission (JPSC) experts are to be believed.
The age for voting in India is 28 years. No joke, this is the answer for question no 99 in set C of the political science paper related with voting age displayed on the website of the JPSC.
Not only this, if the JPSC experts are to be believed, the World Trade Organization came into being in 1990 (answer to question no. 74 in the same set) and not in 1995 as is commonly known.
Read the rest of this entry »
Public Service Commission preparation
Metros are basically regarded as Tier I cities, relatively smaller cities are regarded as Tier II cities whereas smaller cities are considered as Tier III ones. Here is the explanation why they are considered so:-
As Indian economy experiences the boom in all sectors triggered by its economic and investment policies, the metros or the Tier I cities are the ones that are inundated with burgeoning investments in the industrial and the services sector. Along with large-scale investments has boomed the realty sector creating congestion, arising out of an increasing demand for residential and commercial properties. This congestion in realty structures has forced the respective governments and many investment companies to seek out for alternative smaller cities leading to a demand for Tier II and III cities. Read the rest of this entry »
Public Service Commission preparation
Political will for the capitalisation and operation of a climate adaptation fund would represent positive progress!
The UN climate change talks in Durban Sunday arrived at a four-pronged Durban Package to save the planet by controlling emission of greenhouse gases.
The main outcome of the Durban talks:
* To extend the Kyoto Protocol: To extend for another five years the Kyoto Protocol – the only regime to combat climate change, that is due to end 2012. The parties to Kyoto are divided into two camps – Annex 1 countries — rich countries who are supposed to take legally binding emission cuts — and the non-Annex 1 nations — developing countries who have to make voluntary cuts. The second term of the Kyoto protocol will begin Jan 1, 2013.
* Long-Term Cooperation (LCA) actions: These are the long term collective action by countries to fight climate change. At the Durban talks, India scored a major victory when the LCA text accepted India’s demand of equity — or equitable access to sustainable development for developing countries without being hindered by emission cuts. The LCA text recommendations have to be debated before the next meet.
* Green climate fund (GCF): During the 2010 Cancun meet, rich countries agreed to provide $100 billion as GCF to help poor countries take measures to adapt to climate change. Though there is no money, a committee has been set up to start the process of figuring out contributions from countries.
* It has been agreed that the fund will be controlled by the conference of parties (CoP) to the climate convention. It will have 24 members, equally from developed and developing countries.
* Future of the Climate Change Regime: The Durban conference agreed to launch a process to develop a ‘protocol’, or come out with a new treaty under which all the countries will have to take legal emission cuts. It was agreed that the new regime should be completed by 2015, so that this new agreement can be implemented from 2020.
The Highlight:
At Cancún in 2010, developed countries pledged $100bn a year by 2020 towards the Green Climate Fund (GCF) to help developing nations adapt to the effects of climate change – but little of that has yet materialised, with delivery mechanisms still to be decided.
The aviation and shipping sectors could prove central to this funding effort. Analysis commissioned by G20 finance ministers has shown that applying a carbon price to international transport fuels would both reduce emissions and generate billions of pounds for the GCF. Read the rest of this entry »
Public Service Commission preparation
दिल्ली ने देश की राजधानी बने सौ वर्ष पूरे कर लिए। दिल्ली ने इन सौ वर्षो में बहुत कुछ देखा और बहुत कुछ सहा भी। दिल्ली ने जहां भारत को बनते देखा वहीं इसके दामन पर खून के छींटे भी लगते देखा। सौ वर्ष पहले जब जार्ज पंचम का राज्यभिषेक हुआ और कलकत्ता से दिल्ली को राजधानी बनाने का फैसला हुआ तो कोई नहीं जानता था कि दिल्ली उसके बाद हमेशा के लिए राजनीतिक गलियारों की अहम जगह बन जाएगी। इस बनती बिगड़ती की कहानी भी बड़ी अनूठी है। 12 दिसंबर 1911 में दिल्ली को भारत की राजधानी बनाया गया और दिल्ली को मिली अपनी नई पहचान। 1772 से 1911 तक कलकत्ता ही भारत की राजधानी थी। आज के ही दिन जार्ज पंचम का भारत के शासक के तौर पर राज्यभिषेक हुआ और दिल्ली में एक विशाल दरबार लगाया गया। यह दरबार कोई मामूली दरबार नहीं था, बल्कि इस दरबार में अंग्रेजी हुकुमरानों ने अपने को शासक के तौर पर भारत पर काबिज कर दिया था। इस राज्यभिषेक के दौरान हाजिरी लगाने पूरे देश के नवाब और राजा पहुंचे थे। इसका अर्थ यह था कि उन्होंने अंग्रेजी हुकुमत को स्वीकार कर लिया था। वर्षो पहले व्यापार करने भारत में आई ब्रिटिश इंडिया कंपनी ने भारत पर राज करने की शुरूआत सही मायने में यहीं से की थी। राजधानी बनने के बाद दिल्ली की पहचान बदल गई। अब दिल्ली एक अलग मुकाम बना चुकी थी। सियासी गलियारों में अहम हो चुकी थी दिल्ली। मुगल सल्तनत और मिर्जा गालिब की दिल्ली अब बहुत कुछ देखने वाली थी। निजामुद्दीन औलिया पर गाए जाने वाली कव्वालियों और दिल्ली के लाल किले में होने वाले शाही मुशायरों के बीच पश्चिम संस्कृति भी बसने लगी थी। चांदनी चौक के आस पास अंग्रेजी हुकुमरानों के घोड़ों की टापों से दिल्ली का रोज आमना सामना होने लगा था। दिल्ली अब आजादी के मतवालों का गढ़ बनने लगा था। दिल्ली ने आजादी की आखिरी लड़ाई को भी बेहद करीब से देखा। दिल्ली कभी अंग्रेजी सत्ता और कभी भारतीयों को इस पर काबिज होते देखा। दिल्ली पर काबिज आखिरी मुगल बादशाह खुद बड़े आला दर्जे के शायर थे और उनके मुशायरे में अकसर मिर्जा गालिब और जौक जैसे शायर शिरकत करते थे। उस वक्त के लालकिला में इस मुशायरे के बीच वाह वाही की आवाजें खूब जोर शोर से गूजां करती थीं। उस वक्त की श्वेत श्याम दिल्ली आज पूरी तरह से तबदील हो चुकी है। वक्त के साथ दिल्ली की खूबसूरती पर भी चार चांद लग गए हैं। उस वक्त की हवेलियां आज भी दिल्ली में शानौशौकत की मिसाल पेश करती हैं। चंद दरवाजों में रची बसी उस वक्त की दिल्ली आज भारत के सियासी गलियारों में कितनी अहम है इसे बताने की कोई जरूरत यहां समझ नहीं आती। दिल्ली की खूबसूरती और यहां की आबौ हवा पर ही दिल्ली के शायर ने कहा था कौन जाए जौक अब दिल्ली की गलियां छोड़ कर। वहीं मिर्जा गालिब को भी दिल्ली इतनी रास आई कि आखिर तक उन्होंने इस दिल्ली का साथ नहीं छोड़ा। दिल्ली के बल्लीमारान में आज भी मिर्जा गालिब की हवेली मौजूद है जहां के दरो दीवार से उनके कलाम की खुशबू आज भी महसूस की जा सकती है। दिल्ली में आज भी जहां तहां पुरानी हवेलियां देखने को मिल जाती हैं। हालांकि मौजूदा दौर में यह भले ही बदल चुकी हैं लेकिन इन्हें देखकर उस वक्त की खूबसूरत दिल्ली की कल्पना जरूरी की जा सकती है। उस वक्त के वायसराए हाउस को आज का राष्ट्रपति भवन कहा जाता है। जिस वक्त सर लूटियन ने इसका निर्माण करवाया था उस वक्त उनके जहन में दिल्ली की सबसे ऊंची पहाड़ी से पूरी दिल्ली पर नजर डालना हुआ करता था। लेकिन वक्त के साथ इसमें भी बदलाव आ गया और आज यह बाकि दिल्ली के बराबर आ खड़ा हुआ है। दिल्ली का कश्मीरी गेट जहां आज बड़ी आटो पार्टस की मार्किट दिखाई देती है वह वास्तव में अंग्रेजों के लिए बनाई गई खास किस्म का बाजार हुआ करती थी जहां हिंदुस्तानियों का आने पर पाबंदी थी। तब से अब तक दिल्ली की सूरत भले ही बदल गई हो लेकिन नहीं बदली इसकी शान जो आज भी ज्यों की त्यों बनी हुई है।
Courtesy: Jagran Samachar.
Public Service Commission preparation
India’s electorate emphasized political stability and governance coherence in the 15th national elections in 2009. Predictions of a fragmented electorate and party system emboldened small groups to envision obtaining power in third and fourth fronts emphasizing regional, caste, ideological, and personality considerations. Instead, the Congress Party gambled successfully on a minimum rather than a maximum1winning coalition.
The Congress initially allied with a few partners in its minimal winning coalition, so as to highlight the Congress Party rather than the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) coalition label. This successful strategic gamble provided more coherence, clearer messages, and a revitalizing leadership. Lacking only 10 seats for a majority, the UPA coalition quickly attracted other parties for a comfortable 2 majority (see Table 1.1 for Lok Sabha results by party, Table 1.2 for coalition formations, and 1.3 for party symbols).Prime Minister Manmohan Singh signifies integrity, continuity, and competence in the 2009 campaign, which contrasts sharply with contestants burdened by criminal charge sheets. More than one-quarter of the elected Members of Parliament (MPs) fall into this category. And that does not include major criminal/political figures failing to win 3seats. Party and Alliance leader Sonia Gandhi, in addition, represents dynastic continuity. It now is a long chain stemming from Motilal Nehru to his son Jawaharlal Nehru, to Jawaharlal’s daughter Indira Gandhi, other son Rajiv Gandhi, and now to Rajiv’s wife Sonia Gandhi. Read the rest of this entry »
website logo
Rumours has it all!
As the affidavit filing will happen tomorrow, news are circling in Patna that BPSC may announce further 2000+ students in successful list of BPSC 2011 PT results.
New Syllabus and Content for Civil Services Preliminary Examination, 2012
The Union Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions Ministry has on 18.10.2010 announced changes in the pattern of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2011.
Please find below my perspectives on UPPSC 2011 GS paper. thanks
1. Which among the following is the largest software company in India ?
(a) Infosys
(b) TCS
(c) WIPRO
(d) HCL Tech
Ans: (b)
2. Which one of the following is different from the others from the point of view of ownership ?
(a) LIC Policy
(b) Bank Fixed Deposit
(c) Kisan Vikas Patra
(d) Debenture of a Company
Ans: (d)
“जो हवा में थूकते हैं, उनका थूक अधिकतर उन्ही पे गिरता है!”
Public Service Commission preparation
2011 onward, all public commission is definitely focusing on topic like green house affect, carbon footprint and expect a definite question from this area of Environmental science. I hope the concise display of energy consumption and carbon footprint of India and USA along with all major nation will help you writing answer effectively.
“Clearly, Western Nations have been the key driver of climate change so far. Between 1950 and 2000, the United States was responsible for 212 gigatons of carbon dioxide, Read the rest of this entry »
Public Service Commission preparation
As the BPSC and JPSC failed to impress with their results and openness. I feel it is the time to take a break from their murkier and malign affair and start talking what most of you are demanding. Read the rest of this entry »
“After full year preparation and avoiding all family gatherings gave delayed BPSC 2011, two months of waiting for prelims results, thanks to ‘Maiya Gadhdevi’ I got handsome 118 marks at prelim, started full fledged main paper preparation. now hearing another delay in mains exam, Now even most of the Coaching Institutes are confused over how to prepare mains GS paper? How come premier commissions and top most employer government employer can do this to me sir?”
A desperate voice jolted my heart at my cabin here! My chair began to sink on the third floor of very busy area in Patna Suburb. I was definitely not expecting my morning like this. Where one of my very enthusiast member of MOCK 30 in such a desperation. A poor fellow like this repenting on his choice of leaving a bank job for BPSC preparation.
you know what’s reply to this in BPSC corridors “at least we are more efficient and transparent than of J*** and other commissions!” WT*
I think neither me nor officials at BPSC can reply to his desperation in real sense, whereas guys like Sumit, who are loosing their career, time and money.
Questions is still wide open!
Part-1
Plan your time before you start: Follow the advice in Article 2 and develop a written battle plan!
Use your Planning Calendar, your weekly Priority Task Sheet and your Daily Schedule to allocate the time available to prepare for the test. Isolate the most important elements of the exam you must prepare for, and give them highest priority.
Whenever possible, schedule your test preparation activities for your own personal “prime time.” Keep all appropriate written planning materials in your Study Plan Central book. Monitor your progress toward key goals on a daily basis.
Here’s a suggested breakdown of the major study issues you could choose to focus on, assuming you have 12 days at your disposal. Of course, your own class, work and personal schedules will necessitate that you develop a unique schedule that works for you, rather than marching lockstep through this outline.
Days 12 to 9: Review your written materials extensively.
Days 8 to 6: Develop “condensed notes” (later in this article) and review your own notes from class. Read the rest of this entry »
Civil Services Exam Help 